The Treaty of Paris

 The Treaty of Paris was a formal document that stated that the war between The United States of America and The Kingdom of Great Britain had ended. It was Signed at The Hotel D´York in 1783. The other waring kingdoms were France, Spain and The Dutch Republic they signed separate agreements. This treaty brought some bad things, as the priviledges that The United States had from Britain were withdrawn. But the good part was that the USA were no longer going to be taxed by the British. The following are the keypoints of the treaty:

1. Acknowledging the Thirteen colonies to be free, sovereign and independent States, and that the British Crown and all heirs and successors relinquish claims to the Government, propriety, and territorial rights of the same, and every part thereof.
2. Establishing the boundaries between the United States and British North America (for an account of two strange anomalies resulting from this part of the Treaty, based on inaccuracies in the MItchel.
3. Granting fishing rights to United States fishermen in the Grand Banks off the coast of Newfoundland and in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.
4. Recognizing the lawful contracted debts to be paid to creditors on either side;
5. The Congress of The Confederation will "earnestly recommend" to state legislatures to recognize the rightful owners of all confiscated lands "provide for the restitution of all estates, rights, and properties, which have been confiscated belonging to real British subjects .
6. United States will prevent future confiscations of the property of Loyalists.
7. Prisoners of War on both sides are to be released and all property left by the British Army in the United States unmolested (including slaves);
8. Great Britain and the United States were each to be given perpetual access to the Mississippi River 
9. Territories captured by Americans subsequent to treaty will be returned without compensation;
10. Ratification of the treaty was to occur within six months from the signing by the contracting parties.

Poor Richard´s Almanack

Benjamin Franklin had no boundaries, he was alos a great author. As you may know he did the Poor Richard´s Almanack that was in part written by him and the other part borrowedfrom other authors. Poor Richard was just the pseudonym that Franklin used to write the almanack. It was a bestseller in the colonies , the print runs got to 10,000 books per year which was a lot in that time. Benjamin was an inventor , statesman and publisher and he reached even more success with his almanack. Franklin´s almanack included weather forecasts , practical house hold hints, puzzles and many other amusement activities. The almanack also had Franklins famous quotes. In the almanack you can see how he had an extensive word play derived from the vernacular.

Political Career of Benjamin Franklin

    Benjamin Franklin had an outstanding political career, he held positions in the Continental Congress and he actually served as an ambassador in Fance where he had to get the help and support of the french for the war. Benjamin was sent as an embassador in 1776 he was a diapatcher for the United States he lived in paris in the parissian suburb donated by a whealthy french that supported the United States. He conducted all the affairs of his country that he was in charge for example towards the French nation with great success, which included assuring a critical military alliance in 1778 to be able to defeat the British nation and negotiating the Treaty of Paris. During his stay in France, Benjamin Franklin was active as a freemason. When he finally returned home in 1785 Benjamin Franklin got a very good position, he got the position of the  second to that of George Washington as the champion of American independence. This title is the why Franklin is so famous.

Benjamin Franklin´s Inventions

            Benjamin Franklin, we all have heard this name at least once in our lives. But who is he? Well, I can start by saying that he was one of the greatest minds involved in the American Revolution. He was a politician, inventor, statesman, postmaster, satirist and a diplomat. And in everyone of this fields he did a great job. He was a great figure in the enlightenment for his many inventions  from which we can say that the discovery of electricity is the best. He was also known as The First American because of his great campaign for colonial unity. For all this and more he is a great man who is worthy of remembering.

     Benjamin Franklin was a geat inventor. He invented the lightnig rod, the stove, the glass harmonica, bifocal glasses and the flexible urinary catheter. A lightning rod is amethalic rod or condunctor placed in the highest part of an edificatio to protect it from lightnigs during electrical storms. This rod is conected to another rod that is underground by a cable, in this way the electric shock is absorbed by the ground and it doesn´t hit the edification. Franklin´s stove consist of a metalic fireplace that was intended to rlease less smoke and more heat. Bifocals are a kind of glasses with two distinct optical powers. The glass armonica is an instrument that uses glass bowls or goblets that are graduated in size to produce distinct musical notes by friction. A urinary catheter is a plastic tube that is gently slid into the patient´s urethra and to the bladder to allow freely expulsion of urine or to inject medicine direct to the bladder. However in Franklin´s time they were not flexibble making the process of cathering very painful.

       

the Battle of Saratoga

The Battle of Saratoga toook place in the months of September and October of 1777. The Battle occurred because the British forces leaded by Burgoyne wanted to capture Albany but the American alredy knew these so they were waiting for them at Bemis Heights . Bemis Heights was an ideal spot  because in one of its  sides it had the Hudson River and in the other one there was a very dense forest perfect for hiding and awaiting in secert.. Burgoyne sent first an attack with 2,000 of his men leaded by the General Fraser. After that he sent a frontal attack on the western part of the Americans but they still were resisting. Burgoyne made two attempts to cross the defensive lines, but both failed the Americans were strong willed and wouldn´t loose that easy.
After a series of attempts he decided to retreat toward Saratoga to refuge his men but he left all his wounded and most of the supplies at Bemis Heights. After he retreated he when to Saratoga and  when he arrived at Saratoga he notice that General Gates was in pursuit after them and he saw that there was no way he could endure the attack by the Americans that surrounded him. In his last move he called for a Council of War with his officers, and they decided to surrender. At that moment one fourth of British forces were captured, and the victory convinced the European powers that an American victory was possible.

Friedrich Wilhem Von Steuben

Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben was also known as the Baron Von Steuben, he was born in Prussia. He was inspector general of the Continental Army during the American Revolution. In september 22 1777 the continental congress was together in York in Pennsylvania after being kicked out of Philadelphia by the British advance. By February 5, 1778, Baron Von Steuben had offered to volunteer without pay to help the continental Army. By the february 27 Steuben went to report for duty to Washington at  Valley Forge. Steuben spoke little or no English and he often yelled to his translator because he felt frustated because he could´nt comunicate openly with the soldiers. The Baron helped by creating a training program for the Continental Army, this consisted of tough exercises and camp sanitation. These might seem useless but it did work , it taught soldiers discipline and it helped to rencourage them and give them a more powerful reason to fight.

                                                                                                         

The Hessians

   We all know that the English were terribly humiliated when they suffered a defeat by an army, if you can give that name to a bunch of untrained farmers.
 The army of England was one of the largest and yet so powerful and sought help from the Hessians. The Hessians were mercenaries who worked for the one that offered better pay. In the AmericanRevolution, Landgrave Frederick II, Hired about thirty Thousand soldiers conscripted to fight for England. The name of the Hessians comes from their dwelling they were of  HesseKassel. The great diference between modern mercenaries and Hessians is that the second were debtors or prisoners that were going to win their liberty from jail or other comitments.This German soldiers were loyal to King George III who fought for Britain in the Revolutionary War. Hessians helped England because King George was from Hanover, a place in Germany, and he called back home, asking for soldiers willing to fight in the new world. They are known because they were surprised at Trenton by Washington´s forcesd and defeated at Trenton by General George Washington whose army had just crossed the Delaware River in the night of  the 25 of December of 1776.